Biological Transmutation of Chemical Elements

In 1981 Professor LWJ Holleman privately circulated the preliminary results of experiments in which the element potassium, in a closed culture of algae, was observed to disappear.

This result is one of many which over the past 200 years have indicated that living organisms may be able to transmute one chemical element into another.

In 1798 Lavoisier presented as fact that chemical elements could be neither created, transmuted, nor destroyed. This is essentially still considered to be true today. The technical and scientific consequences of Lavoisier being proved wrong are today almost inconceivable.

Almost all revolutionary scientific discoveries were rarely welcomed or recognized when first published. By definition they are formed on the fringes of science. For every success there would be many failures.

Is it possible that living organisms are capable of alchemy, of catalyzing atomic fusion reactions? On the balance of current scientific evidence, probably not. No conclusive evidence has yet been published in the scientific press. However, no direct experimental evidence has been published to prove that they don't. The Holleman Trust was founded to attempt an understanding of what really goes on inside living organisms.

HOLLEMAN'S RESEARCH

EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS

The organism chosen by Holleman was a small, single celled green alga called Chlorella. This enabled a very large number of organisms to be easily grown and complete their full life cycle under homogeneous conditions. Analytical quality chemicals dissolved in double distilled water supplied the nutrients. A household tungsten bulb provided the necessary light. The air supply was of bottled carbon dioxide enriched air. The cultures were contained in inert, quartz glass covered dishes. Homogeneous conditions were provided by thermostatically controlled waterbath.

CUMULATIVE METHOD

Six culture dishes containing nutrient solution were inoculated with algal culture. After two weeks and maximum growth the dishes were ashed at 500 degrees centigrade, leaving just their mineral remains. One of these was removed for chemical analysis. The remaining dishes had their ash contents redissolved to make up new nutrient solution for the next addition of inoculation culture. Again, after another two weeks growth and subsequent ashing, a second dish was removed for analysis. The redissolved ashes were ready for a third growth cycle... and so on till the sixth and final dish was ashed and analyzed.

By feeding each successive generation the mineral remains of their predecessors, any chemical element transmutations that may have taken place will have accumulated and be easier to record.

CONTROLS

The control cultures were treated in exactly the same way as the experimental ones except that after inoculation they were immediately ashed.

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

Two independent methods were used to measure the chemical element potassium; the kalignost titrimetric method, and flame photometry. Sodium was analyzed by flame photometry. Holleman reduced the magnesium concentration in the nutrient solution by 90% because of its crucial role in photosynthesis. High ash polyphosphate concentrations however, meant that magnesium was not able to be accurately determined. Sodium, known to take little or no part in algal physiology, was used as a control.

RESULTS

The two chemical analysis methods for potassium were in total agreement. The sodium analyses for both experiment and controls were also in agreement. The experimental results for potassium differed greatly from their equivalent controls. The controls showed a range of 4%. The experimental cultures showed a steady decrease in concentration till the fourth culture with a statistically significant reduction of 17% from its original concentration. To confuse matters, the potassium concentration subsequently increased again, returning to its original value by the end of the sixth growth cycle.

POSSIBLE SOURCES OF ERROR

Holleman identified many minor sources of error, but none of them were able to account for both the disappearance and subsequent reappearance of the potassium. However, with subsequent improvements in experimental method and procedure, these results were not reproduced. Exactly 200 years after Lavoisier's axiomatic statement, Holleman was forced to end his research. His final wishes were for his work to be continued.

RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS

If biological transmutations of chemical elements were easy to observe, further research would be unnecessary. Such phenomena would by now have long been part of mainstream science.

Conventional science has built up a convincing body of theory backed up by a wide range of experimental evidence that such phenomena are to all intents and purposes totally impossible. Biological transmutation research, since the mid-19th century has been delegated to the realms of fringe science. Some of the most quoted authors on this subject included Herzeele and Steiner, from whom Holleman gained his inspiration, and later, Hauschka and Kervran.

After many years of personal research and a critical appraisal of the work of others, Holleman was painfully aware of the limitations of his own work and that of others before him. The choice to continue is, however, no longer his, but ours.

The strange world of quantum mechanics has been demonstrated by David Bohm to need a different paradigm of thinking. Henri Bortoft realized that the holistic principles of Goethean science, originally developed for an understanding of living organisms, was such an important means towards the understanding of these invisible realms. Holleman's aim was to build bridges between the materialistic, inorganic world conception with which conventional science is so familiar, and the living, dynamic world as experienced from within a Goethean approach.

PROFESSOR L.W.J. HOLLEMAN TRUST: FUTURE RESEARCH

Holleman's research was published on the internet in 1999 - www.scienceinthegreen.co.uk

A copy may also be found at its mirror site
www.holleman.ch

This lead to the beginnings of an international, collaborative, multidisciplinary team of scientists wishing to carry this work forward. Professor Jean-Paul Biberian, is a physicist specialising in surface phenomena of materials, and who has conducted many experiments on cold fusion. His colleague, Dr Jean-Jacques Allegraud is an analytical chemist with an interest in boundary phenomena. Both are based in the University of Marseilles and have conducted preliminary biological transmutation experiments involving germinating seeds. Once funding has been obtained, a postgraduate microbiologist will complete the experimental team. Dr Jennifer Greene, an American pioneering Goethean scientist on water dynamics, has agreed to act as technical advisor and help raise the funds needed for the furtherance of this work. Following on from his successful critical translation of Holleman's biological transmutation research, David Cuthbertson agreed to co-ordinate this research, to investigate the findings of others and to find and/or develop the scientific ways of thinking necessary for a better understanding of such dynamic phenomena.

The Professor L.W.J. Holleman Stichting [Trust] was set up to further the work and ideas of Prof. Wim Holleman on biological transmutation, through ongoing research and education, and everything that has to do with this subject and that could serve it. The Trust will enable this work to progress through financial support. Furthermore, the Trust will publicise all research results in this field through lectures and articles. The Trust will enable this work to progress through financial support. Furthermore, the Trust will publicise all research results in this field through lectures and articles. The Trust will promote the application of any research findings in ecological and agricultural disciplines as well as to medicine, nutrition and waste disposal of heavy metals and radioactive waste.

Their ambitious new research plans may only be successfully conducted with the generous help of others - and not only financially - technical advisors are also needed, as well as other facilities, goods and services to help with research and administration.

For further information regarding the work of the Holleman Trust please contact:

Sophia Holleman
Burgstrasse 8
Dornach
Switzerland

Email: sophia.holleman@gmx.ch

Questions of a technical nature to:

David Cuthbertson
50 Balsdean Road
Brighton
Sussex
BN2 6PF
U.K.
Tel. 01387 248753

Email: scienceinthegreen@yahoo.co.uk